abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the role of trunk incline (TI) and projected frontal area (A(eff)) in determining drag during active/passive measurements. Active drag (D(a)) was measured in competitive swimmers at speeds from 0.6 to 1.4 m s(-1); speed specific drag (D(a)/v(2)) was found to decrease as a funct...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Zamparo P,Gatta G,Pendergast D,Capelli C

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most important anatomical determinants of in vivo joint moment magnitude have yet to be defined. Relationships between maximal knee extensor moment and quadriceps muscle volume, anatomical (ACSA) and physiological (PCSA) cross-sectional area, muscle architecture and moment arm (MA) were compared. Nineteen untraine...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Blazevich AJ,Coleman DR,Horne S,Cannavan D

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study contrasted the effects of load characteristics on coordinative strategies between postural holding and position tracking. Fifteen healthy adults conducted postural holding and sinusoidal tracking with the index finger while manipulated loads (0, 50, and 100 g) were superimposed on an outstretched arm. Oscil...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Hwang IS,Chen YC,Wu PS

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of exercise training (ET) on cardiac renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was investigated in 3-5 month-old mice lacking alpha(2A-) and alpha(2C-)adrenoceptors (alpha(2A)/alpha(2C)ARKO) that present heart failure (HF) and wild type control (WT). ET consisted of 8-week running sessions of 60 min, 5 days/week. In add...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Pereira MG,Ferreira JC,Bueno CR Jr,Mattos KC,Rosa KT,Irigoyen MC,Oliveira EM,Krieger JE,Brum PC

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose was to compare self-chosen pace during ten repetitions of 60 m running sprints performed on a level surface (SPL), or when running uphill (SPU) or downhill (SPD) on a 4.7% slope. When expressed as percent of maximal running speed for corresponding condition, SPD was lower than SPL (95.28 +/- 1.93 vs. 97.31...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Baron B,Deruelle F,Moullan F,Dalleau G,Verkindt C,Noakes TD

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differences in physiological functioning in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex axis and the autonomic nervous system have been suggested to contribute to many of the health differences that may be observed between men and women as well as being relevant for the development of musculoskeletal pain. To clarify wh...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Persson R,Hansen AM,Ohlsson K,Balogh I,Nordander C,Orbaek P

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart rate recovery (HRR) after submaximal exercise improves after training. However, it is unknown if this also occurs in already well-trained cyclists. Therefore, 14 well-trained cyclists (VO(2max) 60.3 +/- 7.2 ml kg(-1) min(-1); relative peak power output 5.2 +/- 0.6 W kg(-1)) participated in a high-intensity train...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Lamberts RP,Swart J,Noakes TD,Lambert MI

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intermittent hypoxic exposure with exercise training is based on the assumption that brief exposure to hypoxia is sufficient to induce beneficial muscular adaptations mediated via hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF). We previously demonstrated (Mounier et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc 38:1410-1417, 2006) that leu...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Mounier R,Pialoux V,Roels B,Thomas C,Millet G,Mercier J,Coudert J,Fellmann N,Clottes E

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence and nature of cardiac arrhythmias during static apnea were studied by monitoring the electrocardiogram (ECG) and oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) of 16 recreational breath-hold divers. All subjects completed a maximal apnea with a mean (+/-SD) breath-hold duration of 281 (+/-73) s without clinical complication...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Hansel J,Solleder I,Gfroerer W,Muth CM,Paulat K,Simon P,Heitkamp HC,Niess A,Tetzlaff K

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protective clothing (PPC) can have negative effects on worker performance. Currently little is known about the metabolic effects of PPC and previous work has been limited to a few garments and simple walking or stepping. This study investigated the effects of a wide range of PPC on energy consumption during different ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Dorman LE,Havenith G

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared two methods to determine IL-6 at rest and following exercise. On two occasions, plasma IL-6 was determined in 10 men and 13 women before and immediately following 90 min of cycling at 65% V(O)(2max) using a cytometric bead array (CBA) and an ELISA. The CBA detected IL-6 in 63% of pre-exercise samples and 8...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Timmons BW,Hamadeh MJ,Tarnopolsky MA

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the study was to examine the effects of fluid replacement on thermoregulation and cycling performance in hot, humid conditions. Six male cyclists (PPO = 426 +/- 39 W) performed six 80 km time trials. Subjects replaced 0% (0); 33% (33); 66% (66); or 100% (100) of the weight lost during an "ad libitum" trial ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Dugas JP,Oosthuizen U,Tucker R,Noakes TD

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the acute effects of a 1-h strength training session (STS) on plasma amino acid concentration following orally ingestion of leucine, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) or glutamine in nine physically active men who participated in double-blinded and randomised experiments. The subjects took placebo, leucin...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Mero A,Leikas A,Knuutinen J,Hulmi JJ,Kovanen V

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fatality of deep hypothermia in non-hibernating mammals follows the cessation of respiration and heart beat, and a massive influx of calcium (Ca(++)) into cells. This review presents evidence relating to restoration of key physiological functions during hypothermia in several animal preparations. For example, in a...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Ivanov KP

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine the exercise intensity of a mountain bike (MTB) marathon race lasting 8 days. Seven amateur MTBers (age 33.6 +/- 3.0 years, height 1.67 +/- 0.5 m, body mass 58.4 +/- 9.9 kg) completing the Transalp Challenge 2004 were involved in the study. Before the race subjects ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Wirnitzer KC,Kornexl E

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose was to examine in free-living individuals from a high-density city (1) the objectively determined physical activity levels across quartiles derived from pedometer step counts, (2) the pedometer steps day(-1) required to meet health-enhancing guidelines of accruing 30 min day(-1) of moderate physical activi...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Macfarlane DJ,Chan D,Chan KL,Ho EY,Lee CC

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recently reported static stretching impairments found in adults have not been studied in youth. Furthermore, stretch-training effects on sprint performance are equivocal, hence the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of stretch and sprint training on the acute effects of static stretching in 13-15 year...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Chaouachi A,Chamari K,Wong P,Castagna C,Chaouachi M,Moussa-Chamari I,Behm DG

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated the effect of non-uniform skin temperature distribution on thermoregulatory responses and subjective thermal sensation during water immersion. Ten healthy male subjects carried out 60 min water immersion twice, once with uniform (UST) and once with non-uniform (NUST) skin temperature. In...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Wakabayashi H,Kaneda K,Sato D,Tochihara Y,Nomura T

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a placebo-controlled study, the effects of intermittent hypoxic exposures (IHE) or a placebo control for 10 days, were examined on the extent of exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH), cerebral and muscle oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) and VO(2peak). Eight athletes who had previously displayed EIH (fall in satu...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Marshall HC,Hamlin MJ,Hellemans J,Murrell C,Beattie N,Hellemans I,Perry T,Burns A,Ainslie PN

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The thermal insulation properties of a military wet/cold protection glove of the German Bundeswehr were investigated using the thermophysiological simulation device CYBOR with a heated full-scale hand model. The aim of this study was the physiology related and more reliable estimation of a database for the thermal com...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Zimmermann C,Uedelhoven WH,Kurz B,Glitz KJ

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) is proposed to be a protective response to prevent cold injuries in the extremities during cold exposure, but the laboratory-based trainability of CIVD responses in the hand remains equivocal. Therefore, we investigated the thermal response across the fingers with repeated local cold...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Mekjavic IB,Dobnikar U,Kounalakis SN,Musizza B,Cheung SS

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To test whether adding insulation to the arms would improve cold water swimming performance by delaying swimming failure (SF). Novice (n = 7) and expert (n = 8) swimmers, clothed and equipped with a personal flotation device, each performed two trials in a swimming flume filled with 10 degrees C water. During free swi...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Lounsbury DS,Ducharme MB

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiopulmonary exercise test is the gold standard for the identification of the ventilatory compensation point (VCP), an important threshold for exercise training prescription. We hypothesized that changes in the slope of increment in minute ventilation (V'(E)) over heart rate (HR) during incremental exercise can be ...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Onorati P,Martolini D,Ora J,Valli G,Fedeli A,Palange P

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study examined the effects of raising both skin temperature and core temperature, separately and in combination, on perceptions of heat-related fatigue (alertness, contentment, calmness and thermal comfort), cardiovascular function and on objective measures of cognitive performance (reaction time and accur...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Simmons SE,Saxby BK,McGlone FP,Jones DA

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study was conducted in order to evaluate whether physiological strain is alleviated by a new personal cooling system (CS) consisting of a layered vest and integrated blower that generate a flow of air. Twelve male volunteers were exposed to climatic conditions of 40 degrees C, 40%RH (40/40), and 35 degrees...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Hadid A,Yanovich R,Erlich T,Khomenok G,Moran DS

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3) gene encodes a Z-disc structural protein which is found only in fast glycolytic muscle fibers. A common nonsense polymorphism in codon 577 of the ACTN3 gene (R577X) results in alpha-actinin-3 deficiency in XX homozygotes. Previous reports have shown a lower proportion of the ACTN3 XX genoty...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Druzhevskaya AM,Ahmetov II,Astratenkova IV,Rogozkin VA

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron is utilised by the body for oxygen transport and energy production, and is therefore essential to athletic performance. Commonly, athletes are diagnosed as iron deficient, however, contrasting evidence exists as to the severity of deficiency and the effect on performance. Iron losses can result from a host of mec...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Peeling P,Dawson B,Goodman C,Landers G,Trinder D

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Free radical production and high catecholamine levels are implicated in the modulation of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, and Mg(2+)-ATPase activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the mode of delivery on the above-mentioned enzyme activities in maternal-neonatal erythrocyte membrane. Women with normal p...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Vlachos DG,Schulpis KH,Parthimos T,Mesogitis S,Vlachos GD,Antsaklis A,Tsakiris S

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to analyze the pedaling rate (PR) adopted by professional cyclists in different mountain passes. PR, heart rate (HR), velocity and power to overcome gravity were monitored during special (HM), 1st (M1), 2nd (M2) and 3rd (M3) category mountain passes. HM and M1 within high-mountain stages were...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Rodríguez-Marroyo JA,García-Lopez J,Villa JG,Córdova A

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated the changes occurring in interstitial metabolite concentrations and blood flow in insulin-resistant human skeletal muscle during the post-exercise recovery period following a single 2-h bout of one-legged exercise. In addition, the effect of microdialysis perfusion with insulin or the in...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Hamrin K,Henriksson J

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the relation between femoral artery hyperemic responses to leg exercise and microvascular oxygen extraction in nine young [(mean +/- S.E.M) Y: 25 +/- 1 years] and 13 older (O: 67 +/- 1 years) healthy women. Femoral artery blood flow (FBF; Doppler ultrasound), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and femor...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Parker BA,Smithmyer SL,Ridout SJ,Ray CA,Proctor DN

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to verify the following hypothesis: the pedal rate that minimizes root mean square (RMS) slope and the slow component amplitude of oxygen consumption could be close to the freely chosen pedal rate (FCPR) used by well-trained cyclists. Nine male competitive cyclists performed a 21 min su...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Bessot N,Moussay S,Laborde S,Gauthier A,Sesboüé B,Davenne D

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is not known how the mode of exercise, dynamic and static exercises, affects the limb volume. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate hand and wrist volume (HWV) after dynamic and static handgrip exercise. Nine healthy subjects (age 31.8 +/- 7.3 years; height 172.0 +/- 5.7 cm; body mass 66.9 +/- 8.1...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Yamauchi J,Hargens A

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has been shown to be associated with orthostatic intolerance and cardiovascular dysregulation. We investigated the cardiovascular responses to combined orthostatic stress and isometric exercise in adolescents with CFS. We included a consecutive sample of 15 adolescents 12-18 years ol...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Wyller VB,Saul JP,Walløe L,Thaulow E

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We measured diffusing capacity (DLCO), alveolar membrane properties (D (m)), capillary lung volume (V (c)), and alveolar volume (V (A) ) in 20 healthy subjects (12 males; age 32.4 +/- 13 (SD); BMI 21.7 +/- 3; non smokers) at total lung capacity (TLC) and at approximately 80, 60, and 40% TLC. In all subjects, D (m) inc...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Miserocchi G,Messinesi G,Tana F,Passoni E,Adamo S,Romano R,Beretta E

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using two photomultiplier tubes (PMT), we measured the biophoton emission of the left and right wrists simultaneously. The subjects performed hand-grip exercises with both hands, during the measurements. We found a slow increase of the emission rates during the exercises, rising in average from 51.6 cps (counts per se...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Laager F,Park SH,Yang JM,Song W,Soh KS

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular autonomic function is associated with physical performance and exercise training adaptation. The association between physical performance and sympathetic regulation is not well known. We hypothesized that sympathetic nervous system activity is associated with physical performance among male runners. The...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Hautala AJ,Kiviniemi AM,Mäkikallio TH,Tiinanen S,Seppänen T,Huikuri HV,Tulppo MP

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Continuous assessment of mixed venous oxygen saturation (cSvO(2)) during exercise using a fiber optic pulmonary artery catheter can provide valuable information on the physiological determinants of the exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Since its accuracy is not well established during exe...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Sleutjes BT,Kemps HM,Thijssen EJ,van de Vosse FN,Schep G,Peters CH,Wijn PF

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifteen healthy men performed a 5-week training program comprising four sets of seven unilateral, coupled concentric-eccentric knee extensions 2-3 times weekly. While eight men were assigned to training using a weight stack (WS) machine, seven men trained using a flywheel (FW) device, which inherently provides variabl...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Norrbrand L,Fluckey JD,Pozzo M,Tesch PA

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-exercise cardiac vagal reactivation is well-investigated; however, the effect of water intake during this period has not been well studied. Therefore, our aim was to assess the influence of water intake on the cardiac vagal reactivation after 30 min of a submaximal cycling exercise. Ten healthy subjects (eight me...

journal_title：European journal of applied physiology

authors： Vianna LC,Oliveira RB,Silva BM,Ricardo DR,Araújo CG

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00